Test items
The testing items of Oeko-Tex 200 mainly include pH value measurement, free formaldehyde measurement, pesticide residues, phenol content, organochlorine carriers, extractable heavy metals, etc. According to relevant issues and environments, detection items also change dynamically, with corresponding changes in different periods.
Testing instruments
In ecological textile testing, the instruments used mainly include:
1) Gas chromatography and gas spectrometry coupled instruments. Mainly used for the detection of PVC plasticizers, pesticide residues, etc.
2) High performance liquid chromatography. What it detects is roughly the same as described in 1).
3) Atomic absorption spectrometer. It mainly uses flame and graphite systems to identify and determine the presence of multiple metals.
4) Atomic fluorescence detection photometer. It mainly detects volatile heavy metals in aqueous solutions.
5) pH acid-base testing instrument. It mainly tests the pH value of textiles and manufactures products with appropriate pH values suitable for different people and uses. There are also rotary evaporators, vortex mixers, centrifuges, ultrasonic generators, nitrogen blowers and other equipment that are also used to test green ecological textiles.
Detection method
1. Formaldehyde detection
There are usually three methods for detecting formaldehyde in textiles, including spectrophotometry, electrochemical methods and chromatographic methods. The formaldehyde content is determined according to relevant regulations. Among them, spectrophotometry has the advantages of simple instrumentation, convenient operation, significant detection results, and good reproducibility. Acetylacetone is usually used as a reagent to measure the content of formaldehyde, and it is also a commonly used detection method in formaldehyde determination.
2. pH value detection
During the processing of textiles, chemicals may not be cleaned, and tap water or deep well water with poor water quality contains sodium bicarbonate. After drying, the textiles will be alkaline. Since there are acidic substances on the surface of human skin, in order to avoid virus invasion, the pH value in textiles should be in a neutral to weakly acidic state, which is more beneficial to human skin. The pH standard for general textiles is about 4.8~7.5, and the pH value standard for wool fabrics is about 4.0~7.5.
3. Heavy metal ion detection
In recent years, with the industrialization process in our country, environmental pollution has become increasingly serious. In particular, wastewater discharge from factories has caused many chemical reagents to be discharged into water sources, which in turn has caused the accumulation of heavy metals in textile raw materials. In addition, many natural dyes are used in the processing of textiles, and they often contain heavy metal elements. Some natural dyes do not meet national standards, and heavy metal elements exceed the standard. Through the above two pathways, heavy metal ions will inevitably be attached to ecological textiles. For the detection of heavy metal ions, microwave digestion-atomic absorption method, wet digestion-atomic absorption spectrometry, microwave ashing digestion-atomic fluorescence spectrometry and other methods can usually be used.
4. Detection of chlorine-containing organic matter
The carrier dyeing process is often used in pure spinning and blending of polyester fibers. Dyeing with this carrier facilitates the dispersion of the dye and allows the polyester fiber to be dyed in a normal pressure boiling dyeing environment. Some efficient and cheap chlorine-containing aromatic compounds, such as dichlorotoluene and trichlorobenzene, cause certain harm to the environment and may cause teratogenesis or induce cancer in the human body. Therefore, chlorobenzene has been included in the testing items of the new ecological textile standards.
Source: China Fiber Inspection Micro Platform
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