We all know that tussah silkworms are also called wild silkworms. This is because tussah silkworms can only be raised on oak trees in the wild and cannot be raised at home like mulberry silkworms. So is silkworm release just as simple as releasing silkworm seeds into the wild? What are the methods here? Today we went to the Liaoning Sericulture Research Institute in Fengcheng to learn together.
Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “Liaoning Province has always been the largest province in tussah production in my country. In addition to our international leadership in practical technology and research level, we also have It is also the largest in the country in terms of production scale. At present, the area of tussah gardens in the province is approximately 8 million acres. Our actual annual utilization is about 6 million acres. The average output of tussah cocoons is about 50,000 tons, reaching a record high in 2022. The highest number is 57,000 tons, accounting for 60% of the country’s tussah cocoon production. We are undoubtedly the largest province in tussah production.”
Liaoning is not only the main producing province of tussah cocoons in my country, but also the research center for the development and utilization of tussah germplasm resources. From the collection, sorting and protection of silkworm seeds to the subsequent introduction of new tussah varieties with high quality, high yield, high efficiency and strong resistance, Liaoning Province has always maintained an international leading position in the field of research on the development and utilization of tussah germplasm resources.
Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute: “Our institute is a national research institute focusing on tussah research. It is now affiliated to the Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences and is a public welfare research and scientific research unit. The leading unit in national tussah research, it has achieved 228 scientific and technological achievements since its establishment, especially 5 National Invention Awards, 1 National Science and Technology Progress Award and 1 National Science and Technology Conference Award, leading the direction for the development of the national tussah industry. At the same time, we Some other achievements account for more than 70% of the total achievements in the tussah industry. Currently, we mainly focus on tussah variety breeding, disease prevention, ecological tussah garden construction, and comprehensive utilization of resources. These are our main directions and contribute to the development of the industry. Provide support”.
The Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute has internationally leading academic standards in the fields of new tussah variety breeding and resource protection, tussah disease and pest control, and other research areas. This is also the research field that has achieved the most results and contributed the most to the industry in tussah scientific research.
Zhao Na, Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “The first thing we see is the research on the innovative utilization of domestic germplasm resources. Currently, we have 77 tussah varieties preserved, accounting for 65% of the country’s total tussah resources. Above, what we see next are several varieties of tussah silkworms with special body colors, including Xiaobai silkworm, Qingpi, Fangshan yellow, Jiaolan, Luhong, and Qing No. 6. What we see here is tussah silkworm silkworms. The tussah silkworm feeds on the tussah leaf, and then the parasitic fly senses the smell emitted by the tussah leaf, and then lays eggs on the leaf surface. After the tussah silkworm feeds, it parasitizes in the body of the silkworm, and finally the tussah silkworm infects the parasitic fly. This disease caused our industry to almost lose production. Finally, the Ministry of Agriculture organized more than 40 experts and colleges and universities to research this disease. Finally, we developed the No. 4 Flies to prevent and control this disease. , and finally saved our tussah industry.”
The Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute focuses on the long-term market and industry development needs at home and abroad, and is based on the unique advantages of my country’s tussah natural resources, technical resources and other social resources to improve resource utilization efficiency and sustainability. With sustainable utilization as the core, we will carry out in-depth selective breeding of new edible varieties of tussah silkworms suitable for different regions and uses.
Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “Our institute’s research has always been targeted at the key bottlenecks that restrict industrial development. Currently, in our research, we are also targeting the variety selection and breeding. Market demand requires the selection of varieties with different adaptability and different uses. For example, when it comes to food, we need to breed varieties with high nutritional value and good taste. We also develop high-end cocoon silk products. We have also carried out research on the breeding of high-grade cocoon silk varieties.”
At the same time, the Liaoning Sericulture Research Institute carries out research on the ecological construction of the tussah garden and the efficient utilization of tussah garden resources, striving to develop and utilize the tussah garden resources at multiple levels and in an all-round way, and jointly promote the efficient, green and efficient tussah silkworm industry. healthy growth.
Li Xisheng, deputy director of the Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute: “The entire ecological stocking technology has been a research direction since the establishment, such as different stocking models, different levels of leaf eating, and different We have been conducting ecological research on the management of the garden. At the same time, we have been working on key issues in terms of labor saving and efficiency. This is also one of our main directions. For example, our stocking method and stocking model are hosted by our institute. The province’s research on the efficient three-dimensional cycle stocking technology model strives to achieve the goal of raising silkworms on trees. After silkworms eat the eucalyptus leaves under the tree, 15% of it is converted into silk protein and pupal protein, and 85% is in the form of silkworm excrement. Returning to the ground, we are engaged in research on Chinese herbal medicine and wild vegetables on the ground. At the same time, we are developing the edible fungi industry by growing branches in our garden. We are experimenting with this model and are in the trial stage of several major production lines.”
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people’s living standards, the diversified utilization of tussah resources has become an important issue. Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Research Institute has increased research and development efforts in many fields such as medicine, health care, and food, and strives to…��Lengthen the tussah industry chain, expand resource utilization channels, improve the technical level and economic added value of products, promote the deep integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries of the tussah industry, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the tussah industry.
“The next thing we see is the comprehensive utilization of sericulture resources. The first thing we see is the tussah pupae. Now most of the tussah pupae, 90% of the tussah pupae are used for food. What about before? We have also developed some Cordyceps militaris, which we often say has similar nutritional value to Cordyceps sinensis. We attached the Cordyceps fungus to the pupa, and then Cordyceps grew. We also developed some health products, and this The yellow pupae and fairy pupae seen in the market are deeply loved by the people.”
Liaoning Provincial Sericulture Science Research Institute has long adhered to the principle of scientific research being oriented to production, always regards outstanding problems in tussah production as key scientific research topics, and works closely with the production department to transform scientific research results in a timely manner. In order to achieve real productivity, we will promote the development of the tussah industry through advances in tussah technology.
</p
