1. The differences and characteristics of artificial cotton and pure cotton
1. Rayon is the common name for viscose fiber.
Viscose fiber refers to α-cellulose extracted from cellulose raw materials such as wood and plant stalks, or man-made fiber made from cotton linters, processed into spinning solution, and then wet-spun.
2. Pure cotton fabric is a textile made of cotton as raw material and made of warp and weft yarns intertwined vertically and horizontally through a loom.
Currently, according to the actual source of processed cotton, it is divided into native cotton fabrics and recycled cotton fabrics.
2. Distinguishing methods
The appearance of artificial cotton cloth is very similar to cotton cloth. The main ways to distinguish it are as follows:
1. Finish
Artificial cotton cloth has a smooth surface with very few yarn defects, no impurities, and is clean and smooth; while cotton shells, impurities, etc. can be seen on the surface of cotton cloth, and its smoothness is not as good as that of artificial cotton cloth.
2. Yarn count evenness
The yarn count of artificial cotton cloth is even and there are few yarn defects; while the yarn count of pure cotton cloth is not as uniform as that of artificial cotton, especially for medium-coarse cloth.
3. Feel
Regardless of whether the fabric is thick or thin, artificial cotton fabrics are mostly soft to the touch, while cotton fabrics have a slightly rough feel.
4. Color
Artificial cotton has good luster and color. Compared with cotton, artificial cotton is more bright and beautiful.
5. Wrinkling
Artificial cotton wrinkles easily. When you hold a handful of the cloth with your hands and spread it out, many wrinkles will appear and it will not be easy to recover in time. Although cotton has wrinkles, they are lighter than artificial cotton.
6. Drapability
Rayon has better drape, while cotton drape is not as good as rayon.
7. Powerful
The strength of artificial cotton is lower than that of cotton. Especially in humid environment, the fastness of artificial cotton is poor. When compared with drawing from the edge of the cloth and stretching, artificial cotton is easier to break than cotton. Therefore, the texture of artificial cotton is mostly thicker. Thick, not as light and thin as pure cotton and linen.
8. Burn
When artificial cotton is close to a flame, it burns quickly, producing black smoke, curling and melting just like when we burn plastic. The lower the cotton content, the stronger the gelatinous texture; when cotton is close to a flame, it does not shrink or melt. When exposed to flame, it burns rapidly with orange flame and blue smoke.
Leave the flame and continue burning. The burning paper will produce less odor and ash, which will appear in a linear shape. The ash is soft, light gray, and easily turns into powder when touched.
3. Characteristics of pure cotton and artificial cotton
A. Characteristics of pure cotton
1. Cotton fiber has good hygroscopicity
Under normal circumstances, cotton fiber can absorb moisture from the surrounding atmosphere, and its moisture content is 8%—10%, so when the human skin comes into contact, it feels soft and comfortable. If the humidity of the cotton fiber increases and the surrounding temperature is high, all the moisture in the cotton fiber will evaporate. Keeping cotton fabrics horizontal also makes people feel comfortable.
2. Pure cotton fabric has good heat resistance
At the same time, when the temperature is below 110 degrees Celsius, it will only cause the water on the fabric to evaporate and will not damage the fiber. Therefore, cotton fiber can be used at room temperature and washing will not affect the fabric. Its heat resistance also improves the durability and washability of cotton fabrics.
3. Cotton fiber has strong resistance to alkali
In alkaline solution, cotton fiber will not be damaged, which reflects the alkali resistance of cotton fiber. Therefore it facilitates the washing and disinfection of contaminated impurities after use.
4. Cotton fiber also reflects hygienic properties
Cotton fiber is a natural fiber. Its main components are natural pigments and a small amount of waxy substances, nitrogen-containing substances, and pectin. After testing and practice, cotton fiber has no irritation or side effects when it comes into contact with the skin. Long-term use is beneficial and harmless to the human body. , its hygienic performance is good.
B. Characteristics of artificial cotton
The characteristics of artificial cotton are good dyeability, high brightness and fastness, comfortable wearing, resistance to dilute alkali, and hygroscopicity close to cotton. The disadvantages are that it is not acid-resistant, has poor resilience and fatigue resistance, and has low wet mechanical strength. It can be spun purely or blended with chemical fibers such as polyester.
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