Application of nanotechnology in functional finishing

Emerging nanomaterials have a series of unique functions and are undoubtedly a bright spot at the forefront of the current development of new functional finishing technologies. Many domestic universities and research units focus on research on metal oxides with semiconductor structural properties such as TiO2, ZnO, and Si02: and other nanomaterials, and introduced their effects in anti-ultraviolet, antibacterial and other aspects. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University has developed textiles with self-cleaning properties. They used sol-gel technology to apply titanium sol to the fabric to form a gel. Ti02, which has an anatase structure, can produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and peroxide with strong oxidizing properties under ultraviolet irradiation. Ions (•O2-) and perhydroxide radicals (•OOH) can decompose dirt on fabrics to keep them clean. The article does not mention whether damage is caused to the fabric (matrix) at the same time, and how the anatase structure can be formed under the low temperature conditions of the treatment.

Domestic manufacturers of nano powders have reached a certain scale, and there are also some manufacturers that can provide nano finishing agents (Deco Nano). The media has reported information about functional finishing textiles processed with nanotechnology passing technical appraisal or being put into batch trial production. Generally speaking, the application of nanotechnology in functional finishing in my country is still in its infancy, but its development prospects are extremely attractive. According to Cientfica, a consulting company dedicated to textile nanotechnology, it is predicted that the market for nanotextiles will reach US$13.6 billion in 2007 and jump to US$115 billion in 2012. Its growth rate is much higher than that of traditional clothing and home textiles. However, the preparation and application of nanomaterials are not mature enough, and there are still many problems that need to be solved. If nanoparticles enter the environment, there is still a lack of reliable data on the impact on biological (including human) life through breathing and contact. This is not only the forefront of international science, but also a social security issue closely related to human health activities.