The research on super water-repellent and anti-UV functional fabrics includes two parts: one part is the research on the anti-UV properties of fabrics; the other part is the research on the super water-repellent properties of fabrics.
First, the orthogonal experimental method was used to systematically and qualitatively study the influencing factors of fabric UV protection. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the three indicators of ultraviolet transmittance, moisture permeability, and air permeability, and through the analysis of factors affecting the UV protection performance of fabrics, a method was obtained to improve the UV protection performance of textiles by changing the structural parameters of the fabric. At the same time, the moisture permeability and air permeability of the fabric are also better. The factors that influence the UV protection performance of fabrics are divided into direct influencing factors (fiber type, yarn linear density, fabric structure, fabric density) and indirect influencing factors (tightness, thickness, weight). The results show that tightness is the main indirect influencing factor. When the tightness of the fabric increases, the ultraviolet transmittance, moisture permeability, and air permeability all decrease.
Secondly, in order to obtain a fabric with a super water-repellent surface, a method of imitating the surface structure of a lotus leaf is used. One is to imitate the papillae of the micron structure of the lotus leaf, and the other is to imitate the nanostructure of the lotus leaf. The imitation of lotus leaf micron structure includes the selection of fiber fineness and fabric structure. The polyester ultra-fine island-type fiber with a linear density of 160dtex/48f is used to imitate the papillae diameter. The fiber diameter is 2.87μm, which is smaller than the average diameter of the papillae on the lotus leaf surface of 5-9μm. The resulting fabric is rougher per unit area and refuses to It has better water performance and meets the requirements of artificial mastoid diameter. The height of the papillae is simulated by using crepe tissue and adding high-shrinkage polyester yarn to the fabric. After the fiber opening treatment, the buckling wave height increases, which enhances the concave-convex effect, increases the roughness of the fabric, and enhances the water repellency. Finished fabric tightness options were 66% and 53%. Its UV protection performance is excellent, its breathability and moisture permeability meet the requirements, and it has basic water-repellent properties.
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