Shrinkage is a phenomenon in which the length or width of textiles changes after washing, dehydration, drying and other processes in a certain state. The degree of shrinkage involves different types of fibers, the structure of the fabric, the different external forces that the fabric is subjected to during processing, etc., and has different The performance of . Let’s study and discuss one by one. �</p
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First of all, the reasons for the shrinkage phenomenon:</p
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(1). When fibers are spinning, or when yarns are weaving, dyeing and finishing, the yarn fibers in the fabric are elongated or deformed by external forces. At the same time, the yarn fibers and fabric structure generate internal stress, which causes them to relax in static state. state, or static wet relaxation state, or in dynamic wet relaxation state or full relaxation state, the internal stress is released to varying degrees, allowing the yarn, fiber and fabric to return to their original state. �</p
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(2). Different fibers and their fabrics have different shrinkage degrees, which mainly depend on the characteristics of the fibers – hydrophilic fibers shrink to a greater degree, such as cotton, linen, viscose and other fibers; while hydrophobic fibers shrink Less shrinkage, such as synthetic fibers, etc. �</p
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(3). When the fiber is in a wet state, it will swell due to the action of the soaking liquid, making the fiber diameter larger. For example, on a fabric, it forces the fiber curvature radius at the interweaving point of the fabric to increase, resulting in a shortening of the length of the fabric. For example, cotton fiber When expanded under the action of water, the cross-sectional area increases by 40~50% and the length increases by 1~2%, while synthetic fibers shrink by heat, such as boiling water shrinkage, generally about 5% �</p
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(4) When textile fibers are heated, the shape and size of the fibers change and shrink, and they cannot return to their original state after cooling. This is called fiber thermal shrinkage. The percentage of length before and after thermal shrinkage is called thermal shrinkage rate , generally tested by boiling water shrinkage �</p
In boiling water at 100°C, the percentage of fiber length shrinkage is expressed;</p
There is also a hot air method to measure the shrinkage percentage in hot air exceeding 100°C, and a steam method to measure the shrinkage percentage in steam exceeding 100°C. The fiber depends on the internal structure and different conditions such as heating temperature and time. The performance below is also different,</p
For example, the boiling water shrinkage rate of polyester staple fiber processing is 1%, the boiling water shrinkage rate of vinylon is 5%, and the hot air shrinkage rate of chlorine fiber is 50%. The fiber is closely related to the textile processing and the dimensional stability of the fabric, and is a post-process. The design provides some evidence
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