Cost calculation of various fabrics

1. Raw material cost

Cost of raw materials=Amount of yarn used per meter×Yarn price

How to calculate the amount of yarn used per meter? We divide all fabrics into non-elastic fabrics. Weft stretch fabrics and four-way stretch fabrics are explained separately.

　1. Non-elastic fabric

Most of the fabric samples or specifications given to us by customers are finished products, which have been dyed, so we need to restore the finished product specifications to gray cloth specifications.

Gray fabric warp density = finished product warp direction Density×finished door width/grey fabric door width

Gray fabric weft density = finished product weft density × (1- dyeing shrinkage)

Note: Dyeing shrinkage, about 2-5% of cotton , 3-8% for polyester and cotton, 8-15% for 100% polyester. The thinner the fabric, the greater the dyeing shrinkage. Machine-cylinder dyeing has a greater shrinkage than long-car dyeing. The smaller the steaming shrinkage requirement of the finished fabric, the dyed The greater the shrinkage.

Let’s give an example. For example, the specification of conventional cotton yarn card gray fabric is 21s×16s/128×60 with a door width of 63 inches (note that the yarn count units of the specifications are British counts, and the units of density are inches. Door width The unit of width is also inches. Some specifications are not in this unit and can be converted. For example, the unit of chemical fiber is D, then the number of D

Formula:

Warp yarn amount = (warp density × width × 0.65)/warp yarn count, that is, 128 × 63 × 0.65/21 = 249.6 grams

Weft yarn amount = (weft density × width × 0.65) / weft yarn count, that is, 60 × 63 × 0.65/16 = 153.6 grams

In the formula:0.65 is a coefficient, a very rough coefficient, There are many factors that affect the size of this coefficient, such as shrinkage, warp elongation due to tension, loss, etc.

The amount of yarn used per meter of cloth here is not equal to the finished fabric The weight per meter also has a coefficient, generally 0.88. We calculated the amount of yarn used is 249.6+153.6 = 403.2 g/m, the gram weight of the finished product is about 403.2×0.88 =355 g/m, the gram weight of the square meter is 355/1.5 (door width)=237g/m2, the coefficient of different fabrics varies greatly, in the dyeing process Sometimes, there are many factors that affect this coefficient, such as shrinkage, alkali reduction, pre-treatment, etc. In many cases, it is necessary to rely on experience to summarize this coefficient.

Assuming that the price of 21-count cotton yarn is 20,000 yuan/ton = 0.02 yuan/g, then the cost of warp yarn is: 249.6×0.02=4.992 yuan/meter; similarly, assuming that the price of 16-count cotton yarn is 1 8,000 yuan/ton, then the cost of yarn in the weft direction is 153.6×0.018=2.76 yuan/meter. The raw material cost of this specification is 4.992+2.76=7.75 yuan/meter.

The prices of raw materials can be found in the textile raw material market information on major textile websites, or you can call the corresponding production factory. Some yarns are special, such as some slub yarns, yarns with special blending ratios, and special yarns. There is no yarn for this purpose on the market.For goods that need to be spun to order, the price is more expensive than conventional yarn, which also affects the cost and delivery time.

　2. Weft elastic fabric

Conventional weft stretch fabrics have corresponding gray fabrics. For example: finished cotton stretch poplin 40×40+40D/133×72 The corresponding gray fabric for 57/58 inches is 96×72 and the door width is 84 inches on the machine; the finished cotton stretch yarn card is 16×16+70D/120×40. The corresponding gray fabric for 48/50 inches is 90×40 and the door width is 72 inches on the machine. ; The finished cotton elastic Zhigong finished product is 32×32+40D/190×80. The corresponding gray fabric for 57/58 inches is 130×80 The door width of the machine is 84 inches. The door width reduction rate of other non-conventional weft elastic fabrics is calculated according to this ratio. The general door width reduction rate is about 30%. Restore the specifications of the finished product to the specifications of the gray fabric, and then press The formula for calculating the amount of yarn used for non-elastic fabrics can calculate the amount of yarn used and the cost of raw materials.

　3. Four-way stretch fabric

　The method is the same, but also the finished fabric specifications Return to the machine specifications of the gray fabric, and then calculate it according to the calculation method without elasticity.

For example, for cotton four-sided elastic, the finished product specifications are 32s/2+70D×32s/2+70d, the density is 100×60/inch, the door width is 46 inches, and the machine specifications when reduced to gray fabric should be a density of 65 ×46 door width is 72 inches, (the shrinkage rate in the weft direction is 35%, the shrinkage rate in the warp direction is 23%, generally the longTie-dyeing), the amount of yarn used can be calculated according to the previous calculation formula: (65+46)×72×0.65/16=325g/m (if the yarn count in the warp and weft directions is the same, add the warp and weft densities), that is, each The amount of yarn used for rice is 325 grams.

Another example is 100% polyester four-way stretch. The common finished product specification is 200d+40d×200d+40, the density is 228×80/inch and the width is 57/58. The machine specification when it is reduced to gray fabric should be that the warp and weft density is 82×56 (Full polyester four-way stretch is generally dyed with an overflow vat, and the shrinkage rate is about 30% in both the warp and weft directions.) The door width on the machine is 84 inches. The converted count of 200d should be 5314/200=26.6 counts. According to the amount of yarn used The calculation formula calculates the yarn amount: (82+56)×84×0.65/26.6=283g/m.

Other T/R four-sided elastics and T/C four-sided elastics are all the same, except that the shrinkage in the longitude and latitude directions is different. For specific shrinkage data, please consult people with relevant production experience.

According to the amount of yarn used in the gray fabric, and taking into account the warp shrinkage of dyeing, alkali loss and other factors, the gram weight of the finished product can be roughly calculated. The gram weight calculated by this theory is very different from the actual gram weight. Large, the general error is between plus and minusIt is about 20 g/m and can only be used as a reference.

2. Weaving costs

The weaving fee is mainly related to the weft density, and secondly to the loom. For example, for general cotton air-jet looms, it is usually said that “one cent per shuttle” means: divide the weft density by 2.54, and then multiply by 0.1 , is the weaving cost, for example, the conventional variety of cotton poplin 40×40 133×72/inch, the weft density is 72, The calculated weaving fee is 72/2.54×0.1=2.83 yuan/meter. If it is full chemical fiber filament without sizing, the weaving fee can be calculated as 8 points. Some varieties are more difficult to weave, and the weaving fee is higher. For some, the weaving fee is higher for larger door widths. The higher the loom is, the more expensive the weaving fee is. The weaving fee for shuttle loom is cheaper, and the weaving fee for projectile loom and jacquard loom is cheaper. Expensive.

Processing fees are cheaper in the off-season than in the peak season. The first half of the year is the off-season, and the second half of the year is the peak season. Large factories, large-scale factories, and factories with standardized management have better quality assurance than small factories, and the processing fees are also more expensive. Choose the right factory according to the quality requirements of different customers.

3. Dyeing and printing finishing processing fee

Generally, cotton is tie-dyed with long lathes and reactive dyeing with full process. The dyeing fee for spring and summer fabrics is about 1.5 yuan/meter, and the dyeing fee for autumn and winter fabrics is about 2.8 yuan/meter. Ordinary polyester fabrics are dyed in a machine vat. Spring and summer fabrics cost about 1 yuan/meter, and autumn and winter fabrics cost about 2 yuan/meter. Ordinary printing depends on the number of colors and the width of the door, and the processing fee ranges from 2 yuan to 5 yuan.No wait.

The embroidery processing fee is calculated based on the number of needles per meter. Generally, it is 0.03 yuan/thousand needles for ordinary small machine flat embroidery, large machine embroidery, sequin embroidery, towel embroidery, water-soluble embroidery, chain embroidery, patch embroidery, etc. For color embroidery, the processing fee will increase more or less.

In short, the higher the quality requirements, the more expensive the corresponding processing fees. When calculating these processing fees, don’t forget to include the shrinkage rate and loss. For example, the warp shrinkage of 100% cotton four-way elastic fabric is 23% , the dyeing fee is 4.5 yuan/meter, if the gray fabric is 15 yuan / meter, then the cost of dyeing is: 15/(1-23%) + 4.5 = 23.98 yuan / meter, plus 2% loss (seam ends in the production process, etc.), 23.98 × 1.02 = 24.46 yuan / meter .

Other special fabrics, such as nylon fabrics, Tencel, Modal, etc., or special processing fees, such as Teflon three-proof treatment, embroidery processing fees, coating, lamination, etc., you need to consult the corresponding company in detail Production and processing companies can derive accurate costs.

4. Other expenses

The cost of inspection, rolling and packaging is generally 0.1 yuan/meter, and the value-added tax is 17%. For example, if the profit is 1 yuan/meter, then a tax of 0.17 yuan/meter will be paid. If the customer does not need an invoice, it can generally be cheaper by 3 %. It should be noted that the theoretical calculation here is only suitable for customized varieties. If it is a conventional variety, the price on the market is generally reasonable. The calculated price should be cheap. The actual price is based on market conditions and can basically be found on major textile websites. Because of the large quantity, the processing fees in each link are cheap, the loss is small, and some products that cut corners are even cheaper. For example, the weight is not enough, the warp and weft density is not enough, the yarn count is too thin, the dyeing quality is not good, the yarn used has poor thread quality, poor strength, etc.

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